The next-generation of ground-based extremely large telescopes (ELTs) in optical and NIR will have diameters in the range of thirty meters (such as TMT). The volume, mass, and cost of the instrument scale roughly as diameter cubed. This necessitates the development of suitable seeing limited spectroscopic instrumentation. Astrophotonics is the next-generation approach that provides the means to miniaturize near-infrared (NIR) spectrometers for upcoming large telescopes and make them more robust and inexpensive. Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) is one such technology suitable for astronomical spectroscopy. We have developed on-chip AWG spectrographs in H-band of near-infrared suitable for astronomical applications. We have also simulated Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) based OH-emission suppression in NIR (H band and J band) for observing high redshift (6-12) GRB afterglows. I will summarize our recent work on these astrophotonic technologies (AWG and Bragg Gratings) and their broad implications to astronomy. Astrophotonics has a potential to be a paradigm-shifting development for future ground-, balloon- and space-based telescopes.